Ethylamine, also known as ethanamine, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2NH2. This colourless gas has a strong ammonia-like odor. It condenses just below room temperature to a liquid miscible with virtually all solvents. It is a nucleophilic base, as is typical for amines. Ethylamine is widely used in chemical industry and organic synthesis. Ethylamine appears as a colorless liquid or a gas (boiling point 62°F) with an odor of ammonia. It is a raw material for the synthesis of herbicides, anesthetics and other compounds.
| Suggested title | Ethylamine |  |
| Synonym | Ethanamine | |
| Classes | Amen Primary amines | |
| Molar mass | 45 g/mol | |
| Gross formula | C2H7N |
- Chemical properties
- Preparation of ammonium compounds with halogen derivatives
- The main properties of amines, obtaining ammonium compounds
- N-alkylation of amines, obtaining secondary and tertiary amines
- Reaction of amines with alcohols, obtaining secondary and tertiary amines
- N-acylation of amines, obtaining N-substituted amides*
- Reaction of primary amines with nitrous acid*
- Combustion
- Receipt
- Hydrogenation
- Displacement of amines from their salts by stronger bases
- Obtaining amines from alcohols
- Decomposition of unstable carboxylic acids*
- Hydrogenation of nitro compounds*
- Hydrogenation of nitriles *
- Recovery in an alkaline or neutral environment*
- Recovery of nitriles*
Chemical properties
Preparation of ammonium compounds with halogen derivatives
ethylamine + chloroethane → diethylammonium chloride
The main properties of amines, obtaining ammonium compounds
ethylamine + hydrochloric acid → ethylammonium chloride
N-alkylation of amines, obtaining secondary and tertiary amines
ethylamine + chloroethane + sodium hydroxide → diethylamine + sodium chloride + water
The reaction is carried out in two stages. The intermediate product is a salt, which can be treated with alkali to isolate the amine.
Above is the summary equation of the two reactions.
Reaction of amines with alcohols, obtaining secondary and tertiary amines
ethylamine + ethanol → (t°, cat) → diethylamine + water
The reaction can continue until secondary and tertiary amines are obtained, in practice a mixture of products is obtained.
N-acylation of amines, obtaining N-substituted amides*
ethylamine + acetyl chloride → N-ethylacetamide + hydrochloric acid
Reaction of primary amines with nitrous acid*
ethylamine + sodium nitrite + hydrochloric acid → ethanol + nitrogen↑ + sodium chloride + water
This is a qualitative reaction to primary amines, sign: gas evolution N2. The reaction proceeds in two stages: sodium nitrite with hydrochloric acid give nitrous acid, which reacts with the amine. To get a simplified record of the reaction, press the ≡ button.
Combustion
4 ethylamine + 15 oxygen → (t°) → 8 carbon dioxide + 14 water + 2 nitrogen
Receipt
Hydrogenation
Vinylamine + hydrogen → (nickel) → ethylamine
Displacement of amines from their salts by stronger bases
Ethyl ammonium iodide + sodium hydroxide → ethylamine + sodium iodide + water
Obtaining amines from alcohols
ethanol + ammonia → (t°, cat) → ethylamine + water
The reaction can continue until secondary and tertiary amines are obtained, in practice a mixture of products is obtained.
Decomposition of unstable carboxylic acids*
alanine → (t°) → ethylamine + carbon dioxide
Hydrogenation of nitro compounds*
nitroethane + 3 hydrogen → (t°, nickel) → ethylamine + 2 water
Hydrogenation of nitriles *
Acetonitrile + 2 hydrogen → (t°, p, nickel) → ethylamine
Recovery in an alkaline or neutral environment*
nitroethane + 3 ammonium sulfide → ethylamine + 3 sulfur + 6 ammonia + 2 water
Recovery of nitriles*
Acetonitrile + 4 hydrogen from reagent → ethylamine
